Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important regulators in various immune responses. Current paradigm states that all newly-made ILCs originate from common lymphoid progenitors (CLP) in the bone marrow. Id2, an inhibitor of E protein transcription factors, is indispensable for ILC differentiation. Unexpectedly, we found that ectopically expressing Id1 or deleting two E protein genes in the thymus drastically increased ILC2 counts in the thymus and other organs where ILC2 normally reside. Further evidence suggests a thymic origin of these mutant ILC2s. The mutant mice exhibit augmented spontaneous infiltration of eosinophils and heightened responses to papain in the lung and increased ability to expulse the helminth parasite, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. These results prompt the question whether the thymus naturally has the capacity to produce ILC2s and E proteins restrain such a potential. The abundance of ILC2s in Id1 transgenic mice also offers a unique opportunity for testing the biological functions of ILC2s. Overall design: For RNA-seq analyses, ILC2s (Lin-Thy1+ST2+) were sorted from thymocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells and processed for RNA-seq. In addition, MLN cells were also cultured in the presence of IL-, IL-25 and IL33. Duplicate samples were analyzed.
Downregulation of E Protein Activity Augments an ILC2 Differentiation Program in the Thymus.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesIntra-islet crosstalk between islet cells is critical in orchestrating the body’s response to changes in blood glucose levels, but is incompletely understood. In this study, we used transgenic mouse lines that allowed the purification and transcriptomic characterisation of alpha, beta, and delta cells, yielding an RNA-sequencing database that can be searched for regulatory proteins which are differentially expressed between cell types. As an illustrative example, we examined the expression of g-protein coupled receptors, and found that the ghrelin receptor, Ghsr, was highly expressed in delta cells compared to alpha and beta cells. GHSR excitation elicited increases in cytosolic calcium levels in primary delta cells. In the perfused pancreas, the application of ghrelin stimulated somatostatin secretion, correlating with a decrease in insulin and glucagon release, which was sensitive to somatostatin receptor antagonism. These results show that ghrelin acts specifically on delta cells within pancreatic islets to affect blood glucose regulation. Overall design: Examination of transcriptomic profiles obtained from pancreatic alpha, beta and delta cells
Transcriptomic profiling of pancreatic alpha, beta and delta cell populations identifies delta cells as a principal target for ghrelin in mouse islets.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesDevelopmental transitions can be described in terms of morphology and individual genes expression patterns, but also in terms of global transcriptional and epigenetic changes. Most of the large-scale studies of such transitions, however, have only been possible in synchronized cell culture systems. Here we generate a cell type specific transcriptome of an adult stem-cell lineage in the Arabidopsis leaf using RNA sequencing and microarrays. RNA profiles of stomatal entry, commitment, and differentiating cells, as well as of mature stomata and the entire aerial epidermis give a comprehensive view of the developmental progression.
Transcriptome dynamics of the stomatal lineage: birth, amplification, and termination of a self-renewing population.
Specimen part
View SamplesDevelopmental transitions can be described in terms of morphology and individual genes expression patterns, but also in terms of global transcriptional and epigenetic changes. Most of the large-scale studies of such transitions, however, have only been possible in synchronized cell culture systems. Here we generate a cell type specific transcriptome of an adult stem-cell lineage in the Arabidopsis leaf using RNA sequencing and microarrays. RNA profiles of stomatal entry, commitment, and differentiating cells, as well as of mature stomata and the entire aerial epidermis give a comprehensive view of the developmental progression.
Transcriptome dynamics of the stomatal lineage: birth, amplification, and termination of a self-renewing population.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Hypoxia increases genome-wide bivalent epigenetic marking by specific gain of H3K27me3.
Cell line, Time
View SamplesPurpose: Study hypoxia and reoxygenation induced changes in genome-wide gene expression
Quantitative analysis of ChIP-seq data uncovers dynamic and sustained H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modulation in cancer cells under hypoxia.
Cell line, Time
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Genome-wide identification of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in human heart.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesIn recent years genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered numerous chromosomal loci associated with various electrocardiographic traits and cardiac arrhythmia predisposition. A considerable fraction of these loci lie within inter-genic regions. Trait-associated SNPs located in putative regulatory regions likely exert their effect by modulating gene expression. Hence, the key to unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac traits is to interrogate variants for association with differential transcript abundance by expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. In this study we conducted an eQTL analysis of human heart. To this end, left ventricular mycardium samples from non-diseased human donor hearts were hybridized to Illumina HumanOmniExpress BeadChips for genotyping (n = 129) and Illumina Human HT12 Version 4 BeadChips (n = 129) for transcription profiling.
Genome-wide identification of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in human heart.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesBy means of 3' end sequencing we provide a genome-wide, high-resolution polyadenylation map of the human heart. By sequencing 5 control en 5 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) myocardial specimens we investigate the difference in alternative polyadenylation (APA) in healthy and diseased hearts.
Genome-Wide Polyadenylation Maps Reveal Dynamic mRNA 3'-End Formation in the Failing Human Heart.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTranscriptome analysis of the targeted overexpression of branchless (UAS-bnl) using a tracheal driver (breathless-GAL4) in comparison to a wildtype reference at two different developmental stages (10-11h AEL and 17-19h AEL), and of a bnl-P1 mutant in comparison to a wildtype reference at 17-19h AEL.
Identification of FGF-dependent genes in the Drosophila tracheal system.
Age, Time
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