This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Strain-specific activation of the NF-kappaB pathway by GRA15, a novel Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein.
Specimen part
View SamplesToxoplasma strains have been shown to modulate host cell transcription. We have found a type II Toxoplasma gene, GRA15, which activates the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 transcription factor.
Strain-specific activation of the NF-kappaB pathway by GRA15, a novel Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein.
Specimen part
View SamplesToxoplasma strains have been shown to modulate host cell transcription. We have found a type II Toxoplasma gene, GRA15, which activates the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 transcription factor.
Strain-specific activation of the NF-kappaB pathway by GRA15, a novel Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein.
Specimen part
View SamplesCancer evolution is fueled by genetic and epigenetic diversity, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in DNA methylation has been shown to co-operate with genetic heterogeneity to empower evolutionary capacity of cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Here, we show that epigenetic diversification leads to decreased coordination across layers of epigenetic information, likely reflecting an admixture of cells with diverging epigenetic identities. This manifests in incomplete gene silencing by the Polycomb complex, unexpected co-occurrence of typically mutually exclusive activating and repressing histone modifications, and greater cell-to-cell transcriptional heterogeneity. Overall design: Given the importance of histone modifications to lineage plasticity in cancer15-17, intra-leukemic epigenetic heterogeneity may extend to histone modifications, likely promoting lineage plasticity by enabling permissive chromatin states. To address this question, we complemented DNAme analysis with a chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) compendium of histone post-translational modifications (H3K4me3, H3K27ac, H3K4me1, H3K27me3, H3K9me3 and H3K36me3) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) in a cohort of primary CLL and healthy B lymphocytes samples (CLL IGHV unmutated, n = 12; CLL IGHV mutated, n = 10; peripheral blood NBCs [CD23+CD19+CD27-IgD+], peripheral blood memory B cells [GCBs; CD23+CD19+CD27+IgD-], peripheral blood CD20+ cells.
Corrupted coordination of epigenetic modifications leads to diverging chromatin states and transcriptional heterogeneity in CLL.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Multi-level omics analysis in a murine model of dystrophin loss and therapeutic restoration.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a classical monogenic disorder, a model disease for genomic studies and a priority candidate for regenerative medicine and gene therapy. Although the genetic cause of DMD is well known, the molecular pathogenesis of disease and the response to therapy are incompletely understood. Here,we describe analyses of protein, mRNA and microRNA expression in the tibialis anterior of the mdx mouse model of DMD. Notably, 3272 proteins were quantifiable and 525 identified as differentially expressed in mdx muscle (P < 0.01). Therapeutic restoration of dystrophin by exon skipping induced widespread shifts in protein and mRNA expression towards wild-type expression levels, whereas the miRNome was largely unaffected. Comparison analyses between datasets showed that protein and mRNA ratios were only weakly correlated (r = 0.405), and identified a multitude of differentially affected cellular pathways, upstream regulators and predicted miRNAtarget interactions. This study provides fundamental new insights into gene expression and regulation in dystrophic muscle.
Multi-level omics analysis in a murine model of dystrophin loss and therapeutic restoration.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
GATA4 and LMO3 balance angiocrine signaling and autocrine inflammatory activation by BMP2 in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesLiver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) represent a unique, organ-specific type of discontinuous endothelial cells. LSEC instruct the hepatic vascular niche by paracrine-acting angiocrine factors. Recently, we have shown that LSEC-specific transcriptional regulator GATA4 induces expression of BMP2 in cultured endothelial cells (EC) in vitro. Furthermore, angiocrine Bmp2 signaling in the liver in vivo was demonstrated to control iron homeostasis. Here, we investigated GATA4-dependent autocrine BMP2 signaling in endothelial cells by gene expression profiling. GATA4 induced a large cluster of inflammatory endothelial response genes in cultured EC, which is similar to previously identified virus-induced and interferon-associated responses. Treating the cells with the BMP2 inhibitor Noggin counter-regulated the GATA4-dependent inflammatory phenotype of EC, indicating that BMP2 is indeed the major driver. In contrast to continuous EC, LSEC were less prone to activation by BMP2. Notably, GATA4-dependent induction of the inflammatory EC response gene cluster was attenuated by over-expression of the LSEC-specific transcriptional modifier LMO3 while hepatocyte activation was fully preserved, indicating conserved BMP2 synthesis. In summary, our data suggest that transcriptional counter-regulation by GATA4 and LMO3 in LSEC prevents autocrine induction of an inflammatory phenotype, while maintaining angiocrine BMP2-mediated cell communication in the liver vascular niche.
GATA4 and LMO3 balance angiocrine signaling and autocrine inflammatory activation by BMP2 in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesLiver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) represent a unique, organ-specific type of discontinuous endothelial cells. LSEC instruct the hepatic vascular niche by paracrine-acting angiocrine factors. Recently, we have shown that LSEC-specific transcriptional regulator GATA4 induces expression of BMP2 in cultured endothelial cells (EC) in vitro. Furthermore, angiocrine Bmp2 signaling in the liver in vivo was demonstrated to control iron homeostasis. Here, we investigated GATA4-dependent autocrine BMP2 signaling in endothelial cells by gene expression profiling. GATA4 induced a large cluster of inflammatory endothelial response genes in cultured EC, which is similar to previously identified virus-induced and interferon-associated responses. Treating the cells with the BMP2 inhibitor Noggin counter-regulated the GATA4-dependent inflammatory phenotype of EC, indicating that BMP2 is indeed the major driver. In contrast to continuous EC, LSEC were less prone to activation by BMP2. Notably, GATA4-dependent induction of the inflammatory EC response gene cluster was attenuated by over-expression of the LSEC-specific transcriptional modifier LMO3 while hepatocyte activation was fully preserved, indicating conserved BMP2 synthesis. In summary, our data suggest that transcriptional counter-regulation by GATA4 and LMO3 in LSEC prevents autocrine induction of an inflammatory phenotype, while maintaining angiocrine BMP2-mediated cell communication in the liver vascular niche.
GATA4 and LMO3 balance angiocrine signaling and autocrine inflammatory activation by BMP2 in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesTranscriptome analysis was performed from human U87 glioblastoma cell clones: U87 IRE1.NCK DN (U87dn, IRE1 dominant negative) and U87 control (U87ctrl, empty plasmid). Cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and glutamine for 16 hours in culture prior mRNA isolation and analyses
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha is a key regulator of angiogenesis and invasion in malignant glioma.
Cell line
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