The objective of this study is to: 1) Characterize the innate immune responsiveness of patients with inborn errors in Toll-IL1 receptor signaling pathway (IRAK4, MyD88 deficiencies) compared to healthy subjects, through the analysis of blood leukocytes' transcriptional profiles after stimulation with ligands for the whole set of Toll-like receptors and IL-1Rs plus whole bacteria. 2) Understand the redundancies in TLR pathway in humans. 3) Explore the use of blood profiling approaches to assess the immune status of an individual by using Primary Immune Deficiencies as a proof of principle.
A narrow repertoire of transcriptional modules responsive to pyogenic bacteria is impaired in patients carrying loss-of-function mutations in MYD88 or IRAK4.
Sex, Race
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Interacting chemokine signals regulate dendritic cells in acute brain injury.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe inflicted TBI to wildetype (wt) mice in order to establish whether the anti-inflammatory agent cyclophosphamide can be used therapeutically.
Interacting chemokine signals regulate dendritic cells in acute brain injury.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe inflicted TBI to chemokine-deficient mouse lines in order to establish involvement of various signalling pathways that may be addressed therapeutically.
Interacting chemokine signals regulate dendritic cells in acute brain injury.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesSevere cerebral ischemia caused by events such as ischemic stroke or cardiac arrest is a relatively common and life-threating condition. Those who survive frequently suffer from significant cerebral dysfunction, often with poor outcome. To date the treatment options are limited. Concomitant hyperglycemia is frequently perceived both in focal and global transient ischemia, augmenting the ischemic brain injury as revealed by experimental and clinical studies.
Hyperglycemia Alters Expression of Cerebral Metabolic Genes after Cardiac Arrest.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesAlternative splicing of the Pkm gene product generates the PKM1 and PKM2 isoforms of pyruvate kinase, and PKM2 expression is closely linked to embryogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cancer. To interrogate the functional requirement for PKM2 during development and tissue homeostasis, we generated germline PKM2 null mice (Pkm2-/-). Unexpectedly, despite being the primary isoform expressed in most wild-type adult tissues, we found that Pkm2-/- mice are viable and fertile. Thus, PKM2 is not required for embryonic or postnatal development. Loss of PKM2 leads to compensatory expression of PKM1 in the tissues that normally express PKM2. Strikingly, PKM2 loss leads to spontaneous development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with high penetrance that is accompanied by progressive changes in systemic metabolism characterized by altered systemic glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis. Therefore, in addition to its role in cancer metabolism, PKM2 plays a role in controlling systemic metabolic homeostasis and inflammation, thereby preventing HCC by a non-cell-autonomous mechanism. Overall design: RNA was isolated from flash frozen ground whole liver tissue of 35 week old PKM2 KO and WT mice. Three independent mice from each condition were used as biological replicates.
Germline loss of PKM2 promotes metabolic distress and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesLiquid biopsy profile which can screen for early CRC. We aimed to depict the profile of early stage CRC as well as for advanced adenomas by combination of current molecular knowledge with microarray technology, using efficient circulating free RNA purification from blood and RNA amplification technologies.
Feasibility of Unbiased RNA Profiling of Colorectal Tumors: A Proof of Principle.
Sex
View SamplesInformed by the genetic alterations observed in human GBM, we engineered a novel, lentiviral injection mediated, mouse model of proneural GBM.
A recombinant lentiviral PDGF-driven mouse model of proneural glioblastoma.
Specimen part
View SamplesPD is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide with growing prevalence. MPTP is a neurotoxin which causes the appearance of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. The involvement of the cholinergic system in PD has been identified decades ago and anti-cholinergic drugs were upon the first drugs used for symptomatic treatment of PD. Of note, MPTP intoxication is a model of choice for symptomatic neuroprotective therapies since it have been quite predictive. Mice were exposed to the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), with or without the protective acetylcholinesterase (AChE-R) variant. Transgenic AChE-S (the synaptic variant), AChE-R (the shorter, protective variant) and FVB/N control mice were included in this study. Two brain regions were examined: the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) and the striatal caudate-putamen (CPu). Each condition (i.e brain region and transgenic variant) was examined on both naive and MPTP-exposed mice.
Meta-analysis of genetic and environmental Parkinson's disease models reveals a common role of mitochondrial protection pathways.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesAllergen exposure induces the airway epithelium to produce chemoattractants, proallergic interleukins, matrix-modifying proteins, and proteins that influence the growth and activation state of airway structural cells. These proteins, in turn, contribute to the influx of inflammatory cells and changes in structure that characterize the asthmatic airway. To use the response of the airway epithelium to allergen to identify genes not previously associated with allergic responses, we compared gene expression in cytokeratin-positive cells before and after segmental allergen challenge. After challenge with concentrations of allergen in the clinically relevant range, 755 (6%) of the detectable sequences had geometric mean fold-changes in expression, with 95% confidence intervals that excluded unity. Using a prospectively defined conservative filtering algorithm, we identified 141 sequences as upregulated and eight as downregulated, with confirmation by conventional polymerase chain reaction in all 10 sequences studied. Using this approach, we identified asthma-associated sequences including interleukin (IL-)-3, IL-4, and IL-5 receptor subunits, the p65 component of nuclear factor-kappaB, and lipocortin. The genomic response of the human airway to concentrations of allergen in the clinically relevant range involves a greater number of genes than previously recognized, including many not previously associated with asthma that are differentially expressed after airway allergen exposure.
Effects of allergen challenge on airway epithelial cell gene expression.
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