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GSE50042
Rattus norvegicus
15 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Rat Gene 1.0 ST Array (ragene10st)
Description
We used transcription-profiling to identify mitogen-activated protein kinase (Mapk) signaling as an important regulator involved in the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes. We show in tissue culture that activation of Mapk signaling by elevation of intracellular levels of cAMP using administration of either dibutyryl-cAMP or inhibitors of the cAMP-hydrolyzing enzyme phosphodiesterase-4 (Pde4) enhances OPC differentiation. Finally, we demonstrate that systemic delivery of a Pde4 inhibitor leads to enhanced differentiation of OPCs within focal areas of toxin-induced demyelination and a consequent acceleration of remyelination.
Publication Title
Retinoid X receptor gamma signaling accelerates CNS remyelination.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Bos taurus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Bovine Genome Array (bovine)
Description
We have begun to approach gd T cells more as prospective innate cells than as conventional T cells. Recent results indicated that purified gd T cells are primed directly in response to pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to better respond to secondary signals and increase expression of chemokine and activation-related genes. In microarray and real time PCR analyses of RNA derived from bovine and human gd T cells, transcripts encoding Nod2 were repeatedly amplified. Nod2 is the intracellular receptor for muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a subunit of PGN, functions in regulating innate activities, and was thought to be expressed primarily in APCs. Given our repeated detection of Nod2 transcripts in gd T cells, the specific direct response of gd T cells to MDP was analyzed by microarray, real time PCR, proteome array and in a functional priming assay. The results indicate a subtle activation in response to MDP akin to priming, and suggest a unique mechanism for differential gene expression.
Publication Title
The distinct response of gammadelta T cells to the Nod2 agonist muramyl dipeptide.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Bos taurus
- 16 Downloadable Samples
Illumina Genome Analyzer II
Description
RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on rumen papillae from 16 steers with variation in gain and feed intake. Overall design: Sixteen rumen papillae samples were sequenced by Cofactor Genomics (St.Louis, MO).
Publication Title
Transcriptome differences in the rumen of beef steers with variation in feed intake and gain.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Overexpression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) in the germinal matrix of the brain causes GMH-IVH-like anomalies (Germinal matrix hemorrhage [GMH]; intraventricular hemorrhage [IVH]).
Publication Title
Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the germinal matrix induces neurovascular proteases and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Dual-mode modulation of Smad signaling by Smad-interacting protein Sip1 is required for myelination in the central nervous system.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for proper brain function, yet the molecular determinants that control this process remain poorly understood. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 promote myelination, whereas bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Wnt/-catenin signaling inhibit myelination. Here we show that these opposing regulators of myelination are functionally linked by the Olig1/2 common target Smad-interacting protein-1 (Sip1). We demonstrate that Sip1 is an essential modulator of CNS myelination. Sip1 represses differentiation inhibitory signals by antagonizing BMP receptor-activated Smad activity while activating crucial oligodendrocyte-promoting factors. Importantly, a key Sip1-activated target, Smad7, is required for oligodendrocyte differentiation and partially rescues differentiation defects caused by Sip1 loss. Smad7 promotes myelination by blocking the BMP- and -catenin-negative regulatory pathways. Thus, our findings reveal that Sip1-mediated antagonism of inhibitory signaling is critical for promoting CNS myelination and point to new mediators for myelin repair.
Publication Title
Dual-mode modulation of Smad signaling by Smad-interacting protein Sip1 is required for myelination in the central nervous system.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 14 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Specific pathogen free wild-type C57Bl/6 male mice fed ketogenic diet (Bio-Serv AIN-76-A) for 4 weeks
Publication Title
Adaptation of myocardial substrate metabolism to a ketogenic nutrient environment.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Caenorhabditis elegans
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix C. elegans Genome Array (celegans)
Description
The PUF family of RNA binding proteins has a conserved role in maintaining stem cell self-renewal. FBF is a C. elegans PUF that is required to maintain germline stem cells (GSCs). To understand how FBF controls GSCs, we sought to identify is target mRNAs. Briefly, we immunoprecipitated FBF-mRNA complexes from worm extracts and then used microarrays to identify the FBF-associated mRNAs. To focus on germline targets of FBF, we used a FBF-GFP transgene under the control of a germline promoter and we used an anti-GFP antibody to purify FBF-GFP from worm extracts. In parallel, we also processed a strain expressing TUBULIN-GFP in the germline to control for mRNAs that non-specifically co-purify with GFP. We found that FBF associates with >1,000 unique mRNAs and likely controls a broad network of key cellular and developmental regulators.
Publication Title
Genome-wide analysis of mRNA targets for Caenorhabditis elegans FBF, a conserved stem cell regulator.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 13 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.1 ST Array (mogene11st)
Description
Inflammasome activation in adipose tissue has been implicated in obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, when and how inflammasome is activated in adipose tissue remains speculative. Here we test the hypothesis that extracellular ATP, a potent stimulus of inflammasome in macrophages via purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7 (P2X7), may play a role in inflammasome activation in adipose tissue in obesity. Our data show that inflammasome is activated in adipose tissue upon 8-week feeding of 60% HFD, coinciding with the onset of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia as well as the induction of P2X7 in adipose tissue. Unexpectedly, P2X7-deficient animals on HFD exhibit no changes in metabolic phenotypes, nor in inflammatory responses or inflammasome activation when compared to the wildtype controls. Similar observations have been obtained in hematopoietic cell-specific P2X7-deficient animals generated by bone marrow transplantation. Thus, we conclude that inflammasome activation in adipose tissue in obesity coincides with the onset of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, but unexpectedly, is not mediated by the ATP-P2X7 signaling axis. The nature of the inflammasome-activating danger signal(s) in adipose tissue in obesity remains to be characterized.
Publication Title
The ATP-P2X7 signaling axis is dispensable for obesity-associated inflammasome activation in adipose tissue.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
With this study we wanted to evaluate the impact of murine norovirus infection of germfree mice and to compare it to germfree mice which have received fecal transplants of conventional mice. Overall design: whole small intestinal tissue analysis of 3 germfree, 3 germfree mice infected with murine norovirus and 3 conventionalized germfree mice
Publication Title
An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
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