Nutritional status influences feeding behaviors, food preferences and taste sensations. For example, zinc-deficient rats have been reported to show reduced and cyclic food intake patterns with increased preferences for NaCl. Although some impairments of the central nervous and endocrine systems have been speculated to be involved in these phenomena, the effects of short-term zinc deficiency on the brain have not been well examined to date. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the gene expression patterns in the rat diencephalon, which is a portion of the brain that includes the hypothalamus and thalamus, after short-term zinc deficiency and also during zinc recovery. The rats showed reduced and cyclic food intake patterns with increased salt preferences after a 10-day dietary zinc deficiency. A comparative analysis of their diencephalons using cDNA microarrays revealed that approximately 1% of the genes expressed in the diencephalons showed significantly altered expression levels. On the other hand, a 6-day zinc supplementation following the deprivation allowed for the recovery to initial food intake behaviors and salt preferences. The expression levels of most of the genes that had been altered by exposure to zinc deficient conditions were also recovered. These results show that feeding behaviors, taste preferences and gene expression patterns in the diencephalon respond quickly to changing zinc levels. This suggests that the gene expression changes observed in the diencephalon and the accompanying functional changes may be related to the development of deviations in feeding behaviors and increased preferences for NaCl in zinc-deficient rats.
Dietary zinc status reversibly alters both the feeding behaviors of the rats and gene expression patterns in diencephalon.
Sex, Treatment
View SamplesAnalysis of gastrocnemius from male wild type(WT) and Skn-1-deficient mice. Skn-1-deficient mice have reduced body weight with low body fat due to increased energy expenditure.
Catecholamines Facilitate Fuel Expenditure and Protect Against Obesity via a Novel Network of the Gut-Brain Axis in Transcription Factor Skn-1-deficient Mice.
Sex, Specimen part, Time
View SamplesArabidopsis ABA hpersensitive germination2-1 mutant shows an enhanced sensitivity to ABA. This mutant has higher levels of endogenous ABA. This mutant also exhibited SA hypersensitivity and dwarf phenotype. Regarding SA hypersensitivity, ahg2-1 exhibits higher endogenous SA level and an enhanced resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Since AHG2 encodes the Arabidopsis polyA specific ribonuclease that is involved in mRNA degradation, presumably abnormal accumulation of some mRNAs confers the unique phenotype. Transcriptome analyses are expected to offer information on the target of AHG2. In order to eliminate secondary effects of higher levels of ABA and SA, ahg2-1abi1-1 and ahg2-1sid2-2 double mutants were also examined. The transcriptome data revealed that; ahg2-1 confers unique gene expression profiles, ABA and SA affect the expression profiles of this mutant but many genes are independent of those plant hormone responses. Comparing with expression profiles of other mutants indicated that the ahg2-1 might affect mitochondrial function.
ABA hypersensitive germination2-1 causes the activation of both abscisic acid and salicylic acid responses in Arabidopsis.
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View SamplesEffector CD8+ T cells are believed to be terminally differentiated cells having cytotoxic activity and the ability to produce effector cytokines such as INF- and TNF-. We investigated the difference between CXCR1+ and CXCR1- subsets of human effector CD27-CD28-CD8+ T cells. Both subsets similarly expressed cytolytic molecules and exerted substantial cytolytic activity, whereas only the CXCR1- subset had IL-2 productivity and self-proliferative activity and was more resistant to cell death than the CXCR1+ subset. These differences were explained by the specific up-regulation of CAMK4, SPRY2, and IL-7R in the CXCR1- subset and that of pro-apoptotic DAPK1 in the CXCR1+ subset. The IL-2 producers were more frequently found in the IL-7R+ subset of the CXCR1- effector CD8+ T cells than in the IL-7R- subset. IL-7/IL-7R signaling promoted cell survival only in the CXCR1- subset. The present study has highlighted a novel subset of effector CD8+ T cells producing IL-2 and suggests the importance of this subset in the homeostasis of effector CD8+ T cells.
Functional heterogeneity of human effector CD8+ T cells.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesIn depth temporal profiling of transcript changes at 10 time points during germination in Arabidopsis seed was carried out. The time course utilised, encompassed seed maturation, stratification, germination and post-germination and provided a global investigation into the tightly regulated, phasic changes that define seed germination.
In-depth temporal transcriptome profiling reveals a crucial developmental switch with roles for RNA processing and organelle metabolism that are essential for germination in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part, Disease, Time
View SamplesIn response to bacterial infection, early transcriptional re-programming occurs in the host plant.
Antagonistic, overlapping and distinct responses to biotic stress in rice (Oryza sativa) and interactions with abiotic stress.
Specimen part
View SamplesIn response to WRKY40 and WRKY60 perturbation (and high light stress), significant transcriptional re-programming occurs particularly for genes encoding stress responsive mitochondrial and choloplast proteins.
AtWRKY40 and AtWRKY63 modulate the expression of stress-responsive nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial and chloroplast proteins.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesTranscript abundance profiles were examined over the first 24 hours of germination in rice grown under aerobic conditions.
Experimental analysis of the rice mitochondrial proteome, its biogenesis, and heterogeneity.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesRNA expression in WT and jhd2? cells in various nutritional sources Overall design: Strand-specific total RNA was sequenced (Illumina stranded TruSeq, with dUTP second strand-incorporation) from wildtype and mutants cells, in biological replicates, normalized by RNA spike-in controls
Mitochondrial control through nutritionally regulated global histone H3 lysine-4 demethylation.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe antagonistic interaction between iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) has been noted in the area of plant nutrition. To understand the physiology and molecular mechanisms of this interaction, we studied the growth performance, nutrient concentration, and gene expression profiles of root and shoot segments derived from 10-d-old rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings under four different nutrient conditions: (1) full strength of Fe and P (+Fe+P); (2) full strength of P and no Fe (-Fe+P); (3) full strength of Fe and no P (+Fe-P); and (4) without both Fe and P (-Fe-P).
Physiological and transcriptome analysis of iron and phosphorus interaction in rice seedlings.
Specimen part
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