This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Systems biology approaches reveal a specific interferon-inducible signature in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy.
Sex, Age, Disease, Race
View SamplesInfection with the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) remains asymptomatic in the majority of carriers; however, some 5% develop a chronic inflammation of the central nervous system termed HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). It is not well understood how the virus triggers the onset of HAM after many years of clinical latency and importantly, what distinguishes hosts who develop the disease from those who remain asymptomatic. In this study we tested the hypothesis that patients with HAM can be distinguished from asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs) and uninfected subjects by their whole blood transcriptional profiles. Here, we compare unstimulated whole blood gene expression profiles of 20 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs), 10 patients with HAM and 9 uninfected healthy control subjects to (1) identify a transcriptional signature associated with presence of HAM and (2) identify cell types and pathways abnormally regulated in HAM by canonical and modular pathway analysis.
Systems biology approaches reveal a specific interferon-inducible signature in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy.
Sex, Age, Disease, Race
View SamplesInfection with the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) remains asymptomatic in the majority of carriers; however, some 5% develop a chronic inflammation of the central nervous system termed HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). It is not well understood how the virus triggers the onset of HAM after many years of clinical latency and importantly, what distinguishes hosts who develop the disease from those who remain asymptomatic. In a previous study we identified a 80-gene transcriptional signature of HAM based in the hypothesis that patients with HAM can be distinguished from asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs) and uninfected subjects by their whole blood transcriptional profiles. In this study we wished to validate the 80-gene signature on an independent cohort comprising 17 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs), 10 patients with HAM and 8 uninfected healthy control subjects.
Systems biology approaches reveal a specific interferon-inducible signature in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy.
Sex, Age, Disease, Race
View SamplesPattern recognition receptors (PRR) detect microbial products and induce cytokines which shape the immunological response. Interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) and IL-1 are proinflammatory cytokines which can be essential for resistance against infection, but if produced at high levels, may contribute to immunopathology. In contrast, IL-10 is an immunosuppressive cytokine which dampens proinflammatory responses, but can also lead to defective pathogen clearance. The regulation of these cytokines is therefore central to the generation of an effective but balanced immune response. Here, we show that macrophages derived from C57BL/6 mice produce low levels of IL-12, TNF- and IL-1, but high levels of IL-10 in response to TLR4 and TLR2 ligands LPS and PamCSK4, and Burkholderia pseudomallei a Gram-negative bacterium which activates TLR 2/4. In contrast, macrophages derived from BALB/c mice show a reciprocal pattern of cytokine production. Differential production of IL-10 in B. pseudomallei and LPS stimulated C57BL/6 and BALB/c macrophages was due to a type I IFN dependent, but IL-27 independent mechanism. Further, type I IFN contributed to differential IL-1 and IL-12 production in B. pseudomallei and LPS stimulated C57BL/6 and BALB/c macrophages, via both IL-10-dependent and independent mechanisms. These findings highlight key pathways responsible for the regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and reveal how they may differ according to the genetic background of the host.
Differential Production of Type I IFN Determines the Reciprocal Levels of IL-10 and Proinflammatory Cytokines Produced by C57BL/6 and BALB/c Macrophages.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesGlobal expression profiling of airway epithelial cells infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the rsmA mutant.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of airway epithelial cells modulates expression of Kruppel-like factors 2 and 6 via RsmA-mediated regulation of type III exoenzymes S and Y.
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View SamplesListeriosis is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. To control the infection effectively, the host immune response is directed by intercellular signalling molecules called cytokines that are produced by immune cells following sensing of the bacteria. In this study we used gene expression analysis to examine complex immune signalling networks in the blood and tissues of mice infected with L. monocytogenes. We show that a large set of genes are perturbed in both blood and tissue upon infection and that the transcriptional responses in both are enriched for pathways of the immune response. From these data we also observe an important signalling network emerge from a group of cytokines called interferons (IFNs). Previous findings suggest that different IFN family members can determine the balance between successful and impaired immune responses to L. monocytogenes and several other bacterial infections. Using mice deficient for the detrimental type I IFN signalling pathway we show that IFN-inducible genes are differentially regulated at different times upon infection but also present at much lower levels in uninfected mice highlighting how dysregulation of this network in the steady state may determine the outcome of this bacterial infection.
Analysis of Transcriptional Signatures in Response to Listeria monocytogenes Infection Reveals Temporal Changes That Result from Type I Interferon Signaling.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of Mtb infected murine macrophages derived from C57Bl/6 WT, TPL2KO, IFNARKO & TPL2IFNAR DKO mice [Set 2]
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of Mtb infected murine macrophages derived from C57Bl/6 WT, TPL2KO, IFNARKO & TPL2IFNAR DKO mice [Set 1]
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesBone marrow-derived macrophages were produced from mice lacking IL-10 alone (IL10-def) or mice lacking both IL-10 and the p50/p105 subunit of NF-kB (p50/IL10), and left unstimulated, stimulated with LPS (1 ng/ml) or stimulated with LPS and IL-10 (0.3 ng/ml).
NF-κB1 inhibits TLR-induced IFN-β production in macrophages through TPL-2-dependent ERK activation.
Specimen part
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