To identify genes that mediate altered communication between fat body and peripheral tissues, we report the gene expression changes in Drosophila third instar larval fat bodies with or without constitutively-active Toll (Toll10b) to activate innate immune signaling, myristoylated Akt (myrAkt) to activate insulin signaling, or both transgenes to bypass the block from Toll signaling to the upstream part of the insulin signaling pathway Overall design: Comparison of RFP/GFP (Control), Toll10b/GFP (Toll10b), RFP/myrAkt (myrAkt), and Toll10b/myrAkt (Toll10b + myrAkt)
The Toll Signaling Pathway Targets the Insulin-like Peptide Dilp6 to Inhibit Growth in Drosophila.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesResident stem/progenitor cells in the lung are important for tissue homeostasis and repair. However, a progenitor population for alveolar type II (ATII) cells in adult human lungs have not been identified. Here we isolated alveolar epithelial progenitor cells (AEPCs) from adult human lungs. AEPCs showed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics combined with ATII cell-phenotypes. AEPCs had the capability for self-renewal and the potential to generate ATII cells in vitro. Furthermore, cells expressing similar markers were present within alveolar walls in normal lungs and these cells were significantly increased in ATII cell hyperplasias. These results suggest that adult human lungs contain a progenitor population for ATII cells.
Isolation of alveolar epithelial type II progenitor cells from adult human lungs.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesHuman mesenchymal stem cells are expected to be a useful tool for cellular therapy. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression profiles and selected candidate biomarkers that indicate the culture stage of the cells.
Gene expression profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells for identification of novel markers in early- and late-stage cell culture.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which are multipotent cells to differentiate into several cell types, are expected to be a useful tool for cellular therapy. In some clinical settings, hMSCs have immuno-suppressive effects for GVHD (Graft-versus-host disease) and are expanded in vitro before application. To find biomarkers that indicate the culture stage of hMSCs, we performed microarray analysis for hMSCs derived from bone marrow, using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 (54,613 probe sets).
Gene expression profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells for identification of novel markers in early- and late-stage cell culture.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTissue morphogenesis relies on proper differentiation of morphogenetic domains, adopting specific cell behaviours. Yet, how signalling pathways interact to determine and coordinate these domains remains poorly understood. Dorsal closure (DC) of the Drosophila embryo represents a powerful model to study epithelial cell sheet sealing. In this process, JNK (JUN N-terminal Kinase) signalling controls leading edge (LE) differentiation generating local forces and cell shape changes essential for DC. The LE represents a key morphogenetic domain in which, in addition to JNK, a number of signalling pathways converges and interacts (anterior/posterior -AP- determination; segmentation genes, such as Wnt/Wingless; TGF/Decapentaplegic). To better characterize properties of the LE morphogenetic domain, we used microarrays to identify genes whose expression is regulated by the JNK pathway during dorsal closure of the Drosophila embryo.
The Drosophila serine protease homologue Scarface regulates JNK signalling in a negative-feedback loop during epithelial morphogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo analyze roles of transcription factor Fezf2 in retinal development, knockout mouse of Fezf2 was generated, and gene expression pattern of Fezf2-KO retina and control retina was examined by RNA-seq. Overall design: To analyze roles of transcription factor Fezf2 in retinal development, knockout mouse of Fezf2 was generated, and gene expression pattern of Fezf2-KO retina and control retina was examined by RNA-seq.
Pivotal roles of Fezf2 in differentiation of cone OFF bipolar cells and functional maturation of cone ON bipolar cells in retina.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesProstate cancer is the most common cancer in men and AR downstream signalings promote prostate cancer cell proliferation. Androgen-deprivation therapy is the first-line treatment strategy for advanced prostate cancer. However, many tumors develop to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and relapse. Thus, analyzing key factors for development of CRPC is important. We found PSF functions as RNA binding protein and transcription factor to promote castration-resistant tumor growth. High expression of PSF in metastatic prostate cancer tissue indicates the clinical relevance.
Dysregulation of spliceosome gene expression in advanced prostate cancer by RNA-binding protein PSF.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesExpression data from mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia and mice reared for 12 months. We used microarrays to analyze the transcriptome of hippocampus from mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia or aged mice.
Treatment of intermittent hypoxia increases phosphorylated tau in the hippocampus via biological processes common to aging.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesAlveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells play a critical role in homeostasis and repair process of the lungs. In lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ATII cells are damaged and fall into apoptosis or senescence. Until to date, global gene expression of ATII cells in COPD lungs has not been analyzed. We isolated ATII cells from three non-COPD and three COPD patients using a FACS method. Then, we performed microarray analysis to compare gene expression profiles of ATII cells between non-COPD and COPD patients.
Gene expression profiles of alveolar type II cells of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesWe developed a novel culture system to obtain multilineage undifferentiated stem/progenitor cells from normal human thyroid tissues. This seems to be achieved by direct reprogramming of thyroid follicular cells. The objective of the study was to reveal gene expression profile of the obtained cells compared to primary thyrocytes. After enzymatic digestion, primary thyrocytes, expressing thyroglobulin and cytokeratin-18, were cultured in a serum-free medium called SAGM containing insulin and EGF. Although the vast majority of cells died, a small proportion (~0.5%) survived and proliferated. During initial cell expansion, thyroglobulin/cytokeratin-18 expression was gradually declined, suggesting that those cells are derived from thyroid follicular cells or at least thyroid-committed cells. The SAGM-grown cells did not express any thyroid-specific genes. However, after four-week incubation with FBS and TSH, cytokeratin-18, thyroglobulin, TSH receptor, PAX8 and TTF1 expressions re-emerged. Moreover, surprisingly, the cells were capable of differentiating into neuronal or adipogenic lineage depending on differentiating conditions.
Dedifferentiation of human primary thyrocytes into multilineage progenitor cells without gene introduction.
Specimen part
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