Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells prevent inflammatory disease but the mechanistic basis of suppression is not understood completely . Gene silencing by RNA interference can act in a cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous manner, providing mechanisms of inter-cellular regulation. Here, we demonstrate that non-cell-autonomous gene silencing, mediated by miRNA-containing exosomes, is a mechanism employed by Treg cells to suppress T cell-mediated disease. Treg cells transferred microRNAs (miRNA) to various immune cells, including T helper 1 (Th1) cells, suppressing Th1 cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. Use of Dicer-deficient or Rab27a and Rab27b double-deficient Treg cells to disrupt miRNA-biogenesis or the exosomal pathway, respectively, established a requirement for miRNAs and exosomes for Treg cell-mediated suppression. Transcriptional analysis and miRNA inhibitor studies showed that exosome-mediated transfer of Let-7d from Treg cell to Th1 cells contributed to suppression and prevention of systemic disease. These studies reveal a mechanism of Treg cell-mediated suppression mediated by miRNA-containing exosomes.
MicroRNA-containing T-regulatory-cell-derived exosomes suppress pathogenic T helper 1 cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesEffect of absence of interaction with MHC class II on memory CD4 T cells
Noncognate interaction with MHC class II molecules is essential for maintenance of T cell metabolism to establish optimal memory CD4 T cell function.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of Mtb infected murine macrophages derived from C57Bl/6 WT, TPL2KO, IFNARKO & TPL2IFNAR DKO mice [Set 2]
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of Mtb infected murine macrophages derived from C57Bl/6 WT, TPL2KO, IFNARKO & TPL2IFNAR DKO mice [Set 1]
TPL-2-ERK1/2 signaling promotes host resistance against intracellular bacterial infection by negative regulation of type I IFN production.
Specimen part
View SamplesPurified NK cells were co-cultured with M. bovis BCG or M. tuberculosis H37Rv (1:1) in the presence of IL-2 (100U/ml) or IL-12 (10pg/ml) for 24h before trizol extraction.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesBackground: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is a leading cause of infectious death worldwide. Gene-expression microarray studies profiling the blood transcriptional response of tuberculosis (TB) patients have been undertaken in order to better understand the host immune response as well as to identify potential biomarkers of disease. To date most of these studies have focused on pulmonary TB patients with gene-expression profiles of extra-pulmonary TB patients yet to be compared to those of patients with pulmonary TB or sarcoidosis.
The Transcriptional Signature of Active Tuberculosis Reflects Symptom Status in Extra-Pulmonary and Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Race
View SamplesListeriosis is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. To control the infection effectively, the host immune response is directed by intercellular signalling molecules called cytokines that are produced by immune cells following sensing of the bacteria. In this study we used gene expression analysis to examine complex immune signalling networks in the blood and tissues of mice infected with L. monocytogenes. We show that a large set of genes are perturbed in both blood and tissue upon infection and that the transcriptional responses in both are enriched for pathways of the immune response. From these data we also observe an important signalling network emerge from a group of cytokines called interferons (IFNs). Previous findings suggest that different IFN family members can determine the balance between successful and impaired immune responses to L. monocytogenes and several other bacterial infections. Using mice deficient for the detrimental type I IFN signalling pathway we show that IFN-inducible genes are differentially regulated at different times upon infection but also present at much lower levels in uninfected mice highlighting how dysregulation of this network in the steady state may determine the outcome of this bacterial infection.
Analysis of Transcriptional Signatures in Response to Listeria monocytogenes Infection Reveals Temporal Changes That Result from Type I Interferon Signaling.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesMelioidosis, a severe human disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from acute septicaemia to chronic localized illness or latent infection. Mice were intranasally infected with either high or low doses of B. pseudomallei to generate either acute, chronic or latent infection and host blood and tissue transcriptional profiles were generated. Acute infection was accompanied by a homogeneous signature associated with induction of multiple innate immune response pathways, such as IL10, TREM1 and IFN-signaling, largely found in both blood and tissue. The transcriptional profile in blood reflected the heterogeneity of chronic infection and quantitatively reflected the severity of disease. Comparison of these mouse blood datasets by pathway and modular analysis with the blood transcriptional signature of patients with melioidosis showed that many genes were similarly perturbed, including IL10, TREM1 and IFNsignaling, revealing the common immune response occurring in both mice and humans.
The Blood Transcriptome of Experimental Melioidosis Reflects Disease Severity and Shows Considerable Similarity with the Human Disease.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples