GUN1 integrates retrograde signals in the chloroplast but the underlying mechanism is elusive. FUG1, a chloroplast translation initiation factor, and GUN1 are co-expressed at the transcript level, and FUG1 co-immunoprecipitates with GUN1. We used mutants of GUN1 (gun1-103) and FUG1 (fug1-3) to analyse their functional relationship at the physiological and systems-wide level, the latter including transcriptome and proteome analyses. Absence of GUN1 aggravates the effects of decreased FUG1 levels on chloroplast protein translation, resulting in transient additive phenotypes with respect to photosynthesis, leaf coloration, growth and cold acclimation. Variegation of the var2 mutant is enhanced by gun1-103 in terms of increasing the fraction of white sectors, in contrast to fug1-3 that acts as suppressor. The transcriptomes of fug1-3 and gun1-103 are very similar, but absence of GUN1 alone has almost no effects on protein levels, whereas chloroplast protein accumulation is markedly decreased in fug1-3. In gun1 fug1 double mutants, effects on transcriptomes and particularly proteomes are enhanced. Our results show that GUN1 function becomes critical when chloroplast proteostasis is perturbed by decreased translation (fug1) or degradation (var2) of chloroplast proteins. The functions of FUG1 and GUN1 appear to be related, corroborating the view that GUN1 operates in chloroplast proteostasis. Overall design: Examination of differential gene expression in the Arabdidopsis thaliana gun1, fug1 and gun1 fug1 mutants compared to wild type in three replicates
Relationship of GUN1 to FUG1 in chloroplast protein homeostasis.
Subject
View SamplesHere we studied the effects of anticonvulsant drug exposure in a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) based neuro- developmental toxicity test (hESTn). During neural differentiation the cells were exposed, for either 1 or 7 days, to non-cytotoxic concentration ranges of valproic acid (VPA) or carbamazepine (CBZ), anti-epileptic drugs known to cause neurodevelopmental toxicity.
Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay.
Time
View SamplesZebrafish embryos have been proposed as an attractive alternative model system for hepatotoxicity testing.
A transcriptomics-based hepatotoxicity comparison between the zebrafish embryo and established human and rodent in vitro and in vivo models using cyclosporine A, amiodarone and acetaminophen.
Compound
View SamplesIn acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)
Chemokine induction by all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia: triggering the differentiation syndrome.
Specimen part
View SamplesWT J1 and 3B3L cells (in which Dnmt3B and Dnm3L are constitutively expressed from an exogenous construct) were cultured under both serum/LIF and 2i/LIF conditions. 3B3L cells do not show ground state-associated hypomethylation phenotype. This experiment sought to analyse the gene expression changes between the two conditions. Overall design: Three biological replicates per condition J1 serum, J1 2i, 3B3-3l serum, 3B3-3l 2i.
DNA Methylation Directs Polycomb-Dependent 3D Genome Re-organization in Naive Pluripotency.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesTFIID is a central player in activated transcription initiation. Recent evidence suggests that the role and composition of TFIID is more diverse than previously understood. To investigate the effects of changing the composition of TFIID in a simple system we depleted TAF1 from Drosophila cells and determined the consequences on metal induced transcription at an inducible gene, Metallothionein B (MtnB). We observe a marked increase in the levels of both the mature message and pre-mRNA in TAF1 depleted cells. Under conditions of continued metal exposure, we show that TAF1 depletion increases the magnitude of the initial transcription burst, but has no effect on the timing of that burst. We also show that TAF1 depletion causes delay in the shut-off of transcription upon removal of the stimulus. Thus TAFs are involved in both establishing an upper limit of transcription during induction and efficiently turning the gene off once the inducer is removed. Using genomewide nascent-seq we identify hundreds of genes that are controlled in a similar manner indicating that the findings at this inducible gene are likely generalizable to a large set of promoters. There is a long-standing appreciation for the importance of the spatial and temporal control of transcription. Here we uncover an important third dimension of control, the magnitude of the response. Our results show that the magnitude of the transcriptional response to the same signaling event, even at the same promoter, can vary greatly depending on the composition of the TFIID complex in the cell. Overall design: Nascent RNA was sequenced from replicate samples of Drosophila S2 cells treated with double-stranded RNA directed against E. coli LacI (Control) or against Drosophlia TAF1 (experimental). Reads per kilo-base per million (RPKM) was determined for each gene and the control and experimental samples were compared to determine the genes that were affected by the depletion of TAF1.
Holo-TFIID controls the magnitude of a transcription burst and fine-tuning of transcription.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesBACKGROUND. Human prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines have been extensively used as prostate cancer cell models to study prostate cancer progression and to develop therapeutic agents. Although LNCaP and PC-3 cells are generally assumed to represent early and late stages of prostate cancer development, respectively, there is limited information regarding comprehensive gene expression patterns between these two cells lines and relating these cells to prostate cancer progression based on their gene expression.
Unique patterns of molecular profiling between human prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Integrative DNA methylation and gene expression analysis in high-grade soft tissue sarcomas.
Sex, Age
View SamplesWe used the Infinium HumanHT-12 platform to profile gene expression in 79 primary, untreated high-grade soft tissue sarcomas, representing eight relevant subtypes, two non-neoplastic fat samples and 13 representative sarcoma cell lines.
Integrative DNA methylation and gene expression analysis in high-grade soft tissue sarcomas.
Sex
View SamplesAnalysis of gene expression at RNA level by 4 different cell sorted Vg9Vd2 subsets (Subset 1=CD28+CD27+, Subset2=CD28-CD27+, Subset 3=CD28-CD7-CD16-, Subset 4 = CD28-CD27-CD16+). Results highlight differences in RNA expression characterising these four cell populations into distinct phenotypic subsets with distinct functional potential
Heterogeneous yet stable Vδ2(+) T-cell profiles define distinct cytotoxic effector potentials in healthy human individuals.
Specimen part
View Samples